In this episode, we take a deeper look at personality disorders by comparing the DSM-5-TR framework with the interpersonal perspective of Interpersonal Reconstructive Therapy (IRT). Rather than viewing PDs as fixed or stigmatizing labels, we explore how IRT conceptualizes them as learned relational patterns shaped by developmental environments, attachment histories, and trauma.

We discuss how clinicians can use their own emotional responses in the therapy room as meaningful data, the importance of understanding a client’s relationship with both others and themselves, and why compassionately mapping learning histories leads to more effective treatment. We also touch on Lorna Benjamin’s “song” metaphor, the role of red and green systems, and what it means to help clients reclaim or reconstruct a more authentic sense of self.

This episode aims to support clinicians in approaching personality-related work with clarity, curiosity, and respect for the complexity of human development.